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Question:
An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be:
(a) calcium
(b) carbon
(c) silicon
(d) iron
Answer:
An ionic compound is a compound in which the cation and anion are held together by strong inter-ionic attraction while the covalent compound is the compound which is formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms. The ionic compounds have high melting and boiling point and are highly soluble in water while covalent compounds have low melting and boiling point and are insoluble in water.
The oxides of group I and II elements are ionic and have a high melting point and boiling point than the oxide of non-metals and transition metals. The calcium belongs to group II, also called alkaline earth metal group. The calcium oxide has a high melting point and is soluble in water. Ferric oxide is also ionic but it has less melting point than calcium oxide. Carbon and silicon are non-metals and they form a covalent oxide, that has the lowest melting point.
Therefore, the correct answer is (a) calcium
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