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Question:
Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following.
(a) Wild animals
(b) Environment
(c) Villages (Rural areas)
(d) Cities (Urban areas)
(e) Earth
(f) The next generation
Answer:
Clearing forests by cutting trees on large scale is called deforestation.
(a) Deforestation will destroy the natural habitat of wild animals. The animals will not able to breed in absence of their natural habitat that leads to their extinction.
(b) Deforestation result in fewer trees which means less carbon dioxide will be used by trees due to which the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase. The carbon dioxide gas traps the heat rays of the sun reflected by the Earth. The increased level of carbon dioxide results in an increase in the temperature of the Earth’s surface. This leads to global warming.
(c) The people living in a village depend on the forest for their resources like wood, vegetables, fruits, fuels, etc. Deforestation will lead to the destruction of their resources which causes danger to their lives.
(d) People who live in cities depend on the people that live in the village for their resources. So, deforestation ultimately affects the livelihood of the people living in urban areas. It increases natural calamities like floods, global warming, etc, which will affect the health and livelihood of the people.
(e) Plants absorb underground water through their roots and release it into the atmosphere in the form of water vapor during transpiration. This water vapor goes up and forms clouds and helps in bringing rain. The rainwater gets percolated into the ground and stored as underground water.
Deforestation means fewer trees results in less rainfall which leads to a decrease in the underground level. When the fertile top layer of soil is removed, the lower, hard, and rocky layer of soil is exposed. This layer of soil has less humus and is less fertile. Plants do not grow well in this less fertile soil. When the fertile land gets converted into deserts it is called desertification.
(f) The next generation will be deprived of the beautiful and useful flora and fauna. The increased level of carbon dioxide gas in the air and pollution caused by deforestation affects the health of our next generation.
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