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Question:
Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(i) Nitric acid turn red litmus blue. (T/F)
(ii) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. (T/F)
(iii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise each other and form salt and water. (T/F)
(iv) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours in acidic and basic solutions. (T/F)
(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of a base. (T/F)
Answer:
(i) Acid converts blue litmus red while it shows no change in red litmus. Nitric acid is a strong acid that converts blue litmus red and shows no change in red litmus.
Hence, the given statement is false (F).
(ii) Base converts red litmus blue while it shows no change in blue litmus. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base that converts red litmus blue and shows no change in blue litmus.
Hence, the given statement is false (F).
(iii) Neutralisation reaction is the reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to give salt and water along with the evolution of heat. Sodium hydroxide is a base while hydrochloric acid is an acid, so they react to form sodium chloride which is a salt. The chemical reaction is given below:
Hence, the given statement is true (T).
(iv) The substances that help us to find whether a substance is an acid or a base by changing its color are called Indicators. For example, Litmus, China Rose, and Turmeric are indicators that show different colors in acidic and basic mediums.
Hence, the given statement is true (T).
(v) Tooth decay occurs due to acid formation in the mouth. The bacteria present in the mouth break up the sugar component to form acid which affects the tooth enamel. To neutralize this acid, we use toothpaste that is made of a base like magnesium hydroxide.
Hence, the given statement is false (F).
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