1.The Living World

• Classification of living organisms
  • Nature, scope and branches of biology
  • Classification of living organisms
  • Brief history
  • Two kingdom to five kingdom classification
  • Linnaean Hierarchy
  • Binomial nomenclature
  • Systematic position of any one plant (mango) and any one animal (man)
• Study of cells and tissues
  • History of cell biology
  • Concept of cell
    • Cell membrane – passive and active transports
    • Cytoplasm
    • Organelles (Including Nucleus)

2.Materials

• Heat
  • Heat and Temperature, definition and differences, effects, applications
  • Temperature scales and Interconversion
  • Thermometer: types and application
    • Fahrenheit to kelvin, Celsius to Fahrenheit, Melting Point, Boiling Point
    • Solids, liquids, gases, density and specific gravity
• Use of chemicals in daily life
  • Preparation – Properties and uses of Chlorine, Sulphur dioxide
• Water
  • Baking soda
  • Manufacture of Soaps and detergents and uses
  • Liquid soaps
  • Chemical properties of H₂0
  • Deliquescent and effervescent substances
  • Removal of hardness of water

3.How Things work

• Communication
  • Meaning and means of communication & devices
• Electronics
  • Radio
  • Television
  • Telephone
  • Mobile
  • Internet
  • Fax
• Lenses
  • Converse and concave
  • Reflection and refraction
  • Dispersion
  • Total internal reflection
  • Formation of rainbow
  • Laws of reflection and refraction
  • Mirage
• Atomic structure
  • Fundamental Particles of atom and its properties
  • Isotopes – Properties
  • Atomic masses
  • Atomic number
  • Valency
  • Molecular masses
  • Equivalent masses
  • Mole concept with examples

4.Food

• Constituents of Food
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Vitamins
  • Minerals
  • Roughages
  • Water
• Classification and functional descrifation
• Tests to detection of constituents of food:
  • Sugar
  • Starch
  • Protein
  • Lipid
• Food Production
  • Soil management
  • Irrigation
  • Organic farming, crop rotation, mixed farming, hybridization
  • Green revolution
• Crop protection
  • Uses of manures, chemical fertilizers and bio fertilizers
  • Nitrogenous, Phosphates, inorganic and organic fertilizer
  • Advantages and Disadvantages of fertilizers

5.Microbes and man

• Historical background
  • Importance of Biogenesis
  • Microbes and their types
  • General Characteristics of each type
  • Structure of a bacteriophage, Bacillus, Amoeba, Chlamydomonas, Yeast and Aspergillums
  • Microbial Infections one example for each group
  • Mode of Infection – Symptoms, causes and preventive measures with respect to microbial infection to be mentioned as an example from each group

6.Environmental Science

• Concept of Ecosystem
  • Ecosystem – concept and definition, Biotic and abiotic components
    • Types of ecosystems
    • Natural and Man made
    • Terrestrial and equatic
    • Interdependence between biotic and abiotic components
• Energy flow in the ecosystem
  • Energy flow
  • Food chain
  • Food web
  • Ecological Pyramids
    • Pyramid of numbers
    • Pyramid of Biomass
    • Pyramid of energy
• Bio magnification

7.Natural Resources

• Renewable and non-renewable resources
  • Renewable and non-renewable resources
    • Water
    • Soil
    • Forest
    • Wild life
    • Fossil fuels
    • Mineral resources
  • Conservation of metallic and non-metallic minerals

8.Life Processes

• Nutrition
  • Nutrition and types
  • Photosynthesis
    • Definition
    • Process
    • Light dependent and light independent reactions
    • Factors affecting rate of photosynthesis
    • Experiments related to photosynthesis
  • Digestion
    • Definition
    • Digestion in amoeba
    • Cockroach
    • Man
• Disorders related to digestive system
• Respiration
  • Definition
  • Types
  • Respiration in plants, in amoeba, in cockroach, in man
  • Disorders related to respiratory system

9.Reproduction and Heredity

• Reproduction in Higher plants
• Pollination
  • Types
  • Agents
  • Importance
• Fertilization
• Fruits and seeds
  • Grains
  • Cereals
  • Pulses
  • Vegetables

10.Motion

• Motion, distance travelled, displacement, speed, problems
• Newton’s laws of motions 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd
• Acceleration
• Retardation force, momentum problems
• Atomic structure
• Contributions of Dalton, Rutherford and Neil bohs
• Cathode and anode rays & their properties
• Chemical reactions types
  • Combination
  • Decomposition
  • Displacement
  • Double displacement
• Balancing Chemical Equations

11.Energy, Work and Force

• Energy, Definitions
• Law of conservation of energy
• KE, PE, Power, Units problems
• Sound
  • Reflection of sound
  • Characteristics of sound
• Solids, Liquids, Gases, Density, sp gravity
• Heat and temp
  • Definitions
  • Differences
  • Effects and applications
• Thermometer, types, and applications, The different beales and under conversions
• MP, BP, difference between heat and temp, units

12.Space Science

• Solar system
  • Solar system introduction
  • Geocentric and Heliocentric model
  • Planets
  • Zodiacal Constellations

13.Evolution of Life

• Origin of life
  • Origin of Life
  • Oparin’s theory of chemical evolution
• Theories on Evolution
  • Theories on evolution
    • Lamark’s theory
    • Darwin’s theory
    • Neo-Darwinism